March is Allergy and Asthma Month

March is Allergy and Asthma Month

Allergies and Asthma

Here is a recent article I wrote for my new job. Enjoy

The Ides of March are rapidly approaching and with them the dreaded allergy season. Even saying the words make my eyes start to water and images of my sneezing in rapid succession come to mind. Allergies also referred to as seasonal allergies, such as Hay Fever and Allergic Rhinitis occur at certain times of the year. Most are caused by pollens from trees, grasses or weeds. At times mold spores can grow and cause additional problems for those who suffer from allergies. Common allergens in Albuquerque include: Arroyo willow, black willow, box elder and ash-leaf maple, annual ragweed, biennial wormwood, coyote brush and Bermuda grass to name a few. Pollen counts change daily. My go to spot to review the daily pollen count is www.pollenlibrary.com.

Most people breath in allergens and have no problem or minor symptoms but as many as 20% of people in all age groups have allergic rhinitis. Symptoms can range from nasal itching, discharge, sneezing, sore throat, hoarse voice, and itchy red eyes all of which are not conducive to having a great day.

The first thing everyone is cautioned about is to avoid their specific allergen. However, short of wrapping yourself in a bubble, it is difficult to go about your daily life and enjoy the great outdoors and avoid allergens. My suggestion is to do a little detective work. Try to identify what is your specific trigger. Is it the pollens (trees, grass, ragweed, tumbleweed) and insects in your local area (house dust mites, cockroaches, or ladybugs)? Are there animal allergens (skin, fur, feathers, saliva) or even molds in your home you were unaware of?

Your primary care provider will work with you to help identify triggers and can often suggest one or more medications.  These can include nasal glucocorticoid sprays, and antihistamines.  Your provider can also work with you to help find the best treatment, taking into account not only your allergy symptoms and severity, but also keeping in mind any other preexisting conditions you have that may exacerbate your symptoms such as asthma.

If symptoms are severe or persist, patients can be referred to an allergy specialist for further testing to identify the specific agent or agents causing the allergens. Allergy Shots can also be helpful for a certain group of patients. Allergy shots are injections that can make you less likely to have allergy symptoms. They are generally made to order, for each patient’s allergen triggers. They contain tiny amounts of elements that trigger and your allergy(s). Allergy shots are most effective for allergies to:

• Pollen from trees, weeds, and grasses
• Mold spores in the outside air
• Tiny insects found in dust also known as dust mites
• Tiny Flakes also known as dander from the hair, skin or fur from dogs or cats
• And stings from bees; honey , yellow jackets, hornets, wasps and in some cases even fire ants

It is important to know that Allergy Shots are NOT used to treat allergies to Latex, Medications or Food.

For many people Allergies and Asthma go hand in hand. Asthma is a disease that attacks the bronchial tubes. These tubes are responsible for carrying air in and out of the lungs.  Irritants and allergens can trigger these spaces to become inflamed, spasm and produce mucus.  These irritants can cause the airways to be narrowed and result in difficulty moving air in and out and subsequently breathing more difficult. Common symptoms of asthma include:

• Frequent cough, especially at night
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing

• Chest tightness, pain, or pressure

While not everyone with asthma has the same symptoms, it is important for patients to know their “triggers” and keep them to a minimum if possible.

Keep in mind early signs of an Asthma Attack:

• Losing your breath easily
• Shortness of breath
• Feeling very tired or weak when exercising, in addition to wheezing, coughing, or shortness of breath
• Decreases or changes in peak expiratory flow; a measurement of how fast air comes out of the lungs when you exhale forcefully
• Signs of a cold or other upper respiratory infections, or allergies
• Frequent cough, especially at night
• Difficulty sleeping

Mild asthma episodes will usually respond to use of a rescue inhaler. More severe symptoms, or episodes that last longer require immediate help and you should be treated in the nearest urgent care or emergency department. 

I hope everyone goes outside, reads some Shakespeare and enjoys the day.